Ford pledged that it would sell only electric cars in Europe by 2030. It will spend $1 billion to convert its manufacturing plant in Cologne, Germany to it first electric passenger vehicle facility in Europe using Volkswagen’s mechanical framework. They expect the first EV to reach the market in mid-2023. Also, Ford said that two-thirds of its European commercial fleet will be electric or plug-in hybrid by 2030. All told, Ford said it would invest at least $22 billion into electrification by 2025. Wsj, theguardian